Brill E-Books

 Esoteric Buddhism and the Tantras in East Asia

Contents

• • Preliminary Material (i-xxii)   (158K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Contents
    • Acknowledgements
    • List Of Illustrations
  • Introduction: Esoteric Buddhism And The Tantras In East Asia: Some Methodological Considerations (1-18) by Charles D. Orzech, Richard K. Payne and Henrik H. Sørensen   (136K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Hermeneutics And Teleology
    • Contested Terminology: Esoteric Buddhism And Tantra
    • Esoteric Buddhism
    • Tantra, Tantric Tantrism
    • History, Context, Usage
    • Disambiguating The Applications Of “Tantra” And “Esoteric”
  • Sources And Inspirations: Esoteric Buddhism In South Asia (19-24) by Ronald M. Davidson   (87K)
  • Taishō Volumes 18–21 (25-36) by Rolf W. Giebel   (120K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Volume 18
    • Volume 19
    • Volume 20
    • Volume 21
  • Textual Material Relating to Esoteric Buddhism in China Outside the Taishō, vol. 18–21 (37-68) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (308K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Esoteric Buddhist Texts in the Taishō Not Included in Vols. 18–21
    • Esoteric Buddhist Texts in the Zokuzōkyō
    • Esoteric Buddhist Material From The Qianlong Dazang Jing (QDJ)
    • Esoteric Buddhist Texts In The Zhonghua Dazang Jing
    • Esoteric Buddhist Texts From The Mogao Caves In Dunhuang
    • Esoteric Buddhist Texts In The Stone-Carved Canon At Mt. Fang
    • Esoteric Buddhist Texts From Dali
  • Abhisẹka (69-75) by Ronald M. Davidson   (85K)
  • Mudrā, Mantra and Mandala (76-89) by Charles D. Orzech and Henrik H. Sørensen   (604K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Mudrā
    • Mantras, Dhāraṇīs and Spells
    • Mandala
    • Unified Three Secrets And The Rise Of Esoteric Buddhism
    • Devices: Mudrās, Mantras, and Mandalas
  • Central Divinities In The Esoteric Buddhist Pantheon In China (90-132) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (5M)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Buddhas
    • Bodhisattvas
    • Vidyārājas, Mahākrodhas, And Other Protectors Of Esoteric Buddhism
    • Assimilated Hindu Gods And Other Spirits
    • Astral Divinities
    • The Esoteric Buddhist Pantheon Under The Yuan And Ming
    • The Sino-Tibetan Pantheon
  • Homa (133-140) by Richard K. Payne and Charles D. Orzech   (159K)
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    • Overview And Structure
    • Homa As Seen In Chinese Translations And Manuals
  • Visualization And Contemplation (141-145) by Paul Copp   (83K)
  • Stūpas and Relics in Esoteric Buddhism (146-152) by Charles D. Orzech and Henrik H. Sørensen   (130K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
  • On Esoteric Buddhism In China: A Working Definition (153-175) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (175K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • The Premises For An “Esoteric Buddhism”
    • Esoteric Mahāyāna And Esoteric Buddhism In The Light Of Textual History
    • In Defense Of “Esoteric Buddhism”
    • A Dhāraṇī Collection From The Late Tang
    • Conclusion
  • Dhāraṇī Scriptures (176-180) by Paul Copp   (88K)
  • The Apocrypha And Esoteric Buddhism In China (181-196) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (162K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • On The Characteristics Of Esoteric Buddhist Apocrypha In China
    • Apocryphal Dhāraṇī Literature
    • On Hybrid Works And Transformed Scriptures
    • Intersectarian Apocrypha And Hybrid Texts
    • Talismanic Charts, Seals, And Esoteric Buddhist Apocrypha
    • Esoteric Buddhist Apocrypha And The Japanese Question
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhism And Magic In China (197-207) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (111K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Buddhism And The Production Of Ritual Magic
    • The Science Of Magic In Esoteric Buddhism In China
    • On The Use Of Magic In Esoteric Buddhism In China
    • The Spell As “Magical Trigger”
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhism And Its Relation To Healing And Demonology (208-214) by Richard D. McBride II   (115K)
  • Popular Esoteric Deities And The Spread Of Their Cults (215-219) by Richard D. McBride II   (106K)
  • Esoteric Scriptures In The Context Of Chinese Buddhist Translation Practice (220-222) by Richard D. McBride II   (92K)
  • Talismans In Chinese Esoteric Buddhism (223-229) by James Robson   (261K)
  • Astrology And The Worship Of The Planets In Esoteric Buddhism Of The Tang (230-244) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (384K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Early Buddhist Astrology In China
    • The Asterisms Personified: The Role Of Astral Divinities In Esoteric Buddhism
    • Divination And Calendrical Science In The Context Of Esoteric Buddhism
    • The Cult Of The Great Dipper In Esoteric Buddhism
    • The Cult Of Sudṛṣti
    • Mañjuśrī And The Worship Of The Constellations
    • The Cult Of Tejaprabha
    • Astral Mandalas
    • Conclusion
  • Concepts Of The Netherworld And Modifications In The Chinese Articulation Of Karma (245-250) by Neil Schmid   (93K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Concepts Of The Netherworld In Early China
    • Postmortem Possibilities In Early Medieval China
  • Mediums In Esoteric Buddhism (251-254) by James Robson   (86K)
  • Esoteric Buddhist Art Up To The Tang (255-260) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (448K)
  • Esoteric Buddhism In The Tang: From Atikūtạ To Amoghavajra (651–780) (261-285) by Charles D. Orzech   (245K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Early Tang Translators
    • Atikūṭa
    • Manicintana
    • Bodhiruci
    • Yijing
    • The “Three Great Ācāryas” Of The Mid-Tang
    • Śubhākarasiṃha And The Mahāvairocana sūtra
    • Vajrabodhi
    • Amoghavajra
    • Mijiao, Zhenyan, Yuqie (“Yoga”): Rectification Of Names
  • Esoteric Buddhism And Monastic Institutions (286-293) by Jinhua Chen   (145K)
  • The Presence Of Esoteric Buddhist Elements In Chinese Buddhism During The Tang (294-303) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (162K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Jingtu And Esoteric Buddhism
    • Tiantai
    • The Faxiang School And Esoteric Buddhism
    • Chan
    • Conclusion
  • The Development Of The Esoteric Buddhist Canon (304-306) by Richard D. McBride II   (97K)
  • The Impact Of Translated Esoteric Buddhist Scriptures On Chinese Buddhism (307-314) by Richard D. McBride II   (131K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Doctrinal Innovations
    • Ritual Innovations
    • Rapprochement With Daoism And Popular Religion
  • After Amoghavajra: Esoteric Buddhism In The Late Tang (315-336) by Charles D. Orzech   (268K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • The Genealogy Of Yoga
    • Amoghavajra’s Descendants
    • Huilang 慧朗 (?–781)
    • Huiguo 惠果 (746–806)
    • Yicao 義操 (Aluota’nailitu 阿囉他捺哩荼, ?–830)
    • Haiyun 海雲 (fl. 822–874)
    • Faquan 法全 (fl. 800–870)
    • Susiddhi: An Alternative Current?
    • Other Masters In The Late Tang
    • Penumbra: Esoteric Buddhism’s Wider Impact As Reflected In Late Tang Texts
  • Śubhākarasiṃha (337-341) by Klaus Pinte   (105K)
  • Yixing (342-344) by George A. Keyworth   (112K)
  • Vajrabodhi (671–741) (345-350) by Charles D. Orzech   (139K)
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    • Accounts And Sources
    • Life And Career
    • Teachings And Translations
  • Amoghavajra: His Role In And Influence On The Development Of Buddhism (351-359) by Martin Lehnert   (117K)
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    • Imperial Preceptor And Ritual Expert
    • Amoghavajra’s Translations And Redactions Of Scriptures
  • Prajña (360-362) by Paul Copp   (115K)
  • Dunhuang And Central Asia (With An Appendix On Dunhuang Manuscript Resources) (363-378) by Neil Schmid   (405K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Appendix: Dunhuang Manuscript Resources
  • Esoteric Buddhism In The Nanzhao And Dali Kingdoms (Ca. 800–1253) (379-392) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (918K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • On The History Of Esoteric Buddhism In The Nanzhao And Dali Kingdoms
    • Esoteric Buddhist Literature From The Nanzhao And Dali
    • Of Spells And Dhāraṇī
    • Esoteric Buddhist Cults
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhism In Sichuan During The Tang And Five Dynasties Period (393-400) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (113K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • The Transmission Of Esoteric Buddhism To Sichuan
    • Esoteric Buddhist Cults
    • Liu Benzun, Thaumaturge And Esoteric Buddhist Lay-Adept
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhist Art Under The Tang (401-418) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (1M)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art During The Seventh Century
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art In The Twin Capitals During The Eighth Century
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art At Famen Temple
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art At Dunhuang
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art In Sichuan During The Tang
    • On The Esoteric Buddhist Art From Tang China Kept In Japan
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhism Under The Song: An Overview (419-430) by Charles D. Orzech   (154K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Evidence For Yoga Lineages
    • The Renewal Of State-Sponsored Translation
    • The Emergence Of Esoteric As A Bibliographic Category
    • Evidence Of The Impact Of Newly Imported Texts
  • Esoteric Buddhism In Song Dynasty Sichuan (431-434) by Paul Copp   (96K)
  • Buddhist Tantras And Chinese Culture (435-438) by George A. Keyworth   (116K)
  • Translation Of Tantras And Other Esoteric Buddhist Scriptures (439-450) by Charles D. Orzech   (172K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Early Song Literary Projects As Context
    • Availability Of Texts And Translators
    • The Institute Catalogue
    • Too Risqué?
    • Confucian Objections And The Rise Of Linji Chan
    • Key Personnel Of The Chuanfa Yuan
    • Dharmadeva
    • Dānapāla
    • Fahu (Dharmapāla)
  • Tibet And The Continent From The Tenth To Thirteenth Centuries (451-455) by David Gray   (79K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • The Latter Dissemination Of Buddhism To Tibet
    • The New Schools
    • Renewal Of The Old Schools
    • The Sakyas And The Mongols
  • Esoteric Buddhism Under The Liao (456-464) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (146K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Scriptural Sources
    • The Transmission And Nature Of Esoteric Buddhism Under The Liao
    • Huayan Esotericism
    • Astrology And Esoteric Buddhism Under The Liao
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhism Under The Xixia (1038–1227) (465-477) by Ruth Dunnell   (145K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Tantra, Esoteric Buddhism, And Translations From Chinese, Tibetan,And Sanskrit
    • A Xixia Canon Or A Hexi Canon?
    • The Xia State Sangha And Monk-Translators
    • Prominent Monk-Translators
    • Imperial Preceptors
  • Esoteric Buddhism Under The Jin (1115–1234) (478-486) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (129K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • On The Transmission Of Esoteric Buddhism To The Jin
    • Compilation And Printing Of Esoteric Buddhist Scriptures
    • Popularity of Spells and Dhāraṇīs
    • Esoteric Buddhist Cults
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhist Art Under The Nanzhao And Dali Kingdoms (487-497) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (1M)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Buddhist Painting And The Long Scroll
    • Bronze Figures
    • The Buddhist Cult Centers On Mt. Shizhong And At Mt. Jing
    • Pagodas And Buddhist Relic
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhist Art In China, 960–1279 (498-512) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (2M)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art Under The Northern And Southern Song Dynasties
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art Under The Liao
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art Under The Jin
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art Under The Xixia
  • The Esotericization Of Chinese Buddhist Practices (513-519) by George A. Keyworth   (115K)
  • Song Tiantai Ghost-Feeding Rituals (520-524) by Hun Y. Lye   (105K)
  • Avalokiteśvara (525-528) by George A. Keyworth   (124K)
  • Esoteric Buddhist Elements In Daoist Ritual Manuals Of The Song, Yuan, And Ming (529-536) by Joshua Capitanio   (128K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Mantra
    • Esoteric Buddhist Deities
    • Acala
    • Mahākāla
    • Mārīcī
    • Other Deities
    • Conclusion
  • Tibetan Buddhism In Mongol-Yuan China (1206–1368) (537-549) by Shen Weirong   (117K)
  • Tantric Buddhism In Ming China (550-560) by Shen Weirong   (139K)
  • Yuqie Yankou In The Ming-Qing (561-567) by Hun Y. Lye   (122K)
  • Tibetan Lamas In Ethnic Chinese Communities And The Rise Of New Tibetan-Inspired Chinese Religions (568-572) by David Gray   (83K)
  • Early Esoteric Buddhism In Korea: Three Kingdoms And Unified Silla (Ca. 600–918) (573-596) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (204K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Myths Relating To Esoteric Buddhism In Old Silla
    • Traces Of Early Esoteric Buddhism On The Korean Peninsula
    • Textual Evidence For Early Esoteric Buddhist Practice In Silla
    • Myŏnghyo and the Amoghapāśakalparāja
    • On The Transmission Of Zhenyan Buddhism To Korea
    • Esoteric Buddhist Practices And Early Korean Sŏn Buddhism
    • Esoteric Buddhism And The Practice Of Empowerment In Korea
    • Esoteric Buddhism: Its Art And Material Culture Under The Silla
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhism Under The Koryo (918–1392) (597-615) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (190K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • The Significance Of Imported Esoteric Buddhist Scriptures
    • Esoteric Buddhist Schools
    • Esoteric Buddhist Rituals
    • The Influence Of Esoteric Buddhism On Other Koryŏ Buddhist Schools
    • Empowerment Of Buddhist Images During The Koryŏ
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art And Material Culture Under The Koryŏ
    • Conclusion
  • Esoteric Buddhism Under The Choson (616-658) by Henrik H. Sørensen   (2M)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Esoteric Buddhist Literature
    • Esoteric Buddhist Rituals during the Chosŏn
    • Esoteric Buddhist Arcana
    • Esoteric Buddhism Reflected In The Writings of the Sŏn Masters
    • Sŏn And Esoteric Buddhist Meditation According To The Chinŏn Chip
    • Esoteric Buddhist Cults
    • Esoteric Buddhist Art under the Chosŏn
    • Conclusion
  • The Dissemination Of Esoteric Scriptures In Eighth-Century Japan (659-682) by Clemente Beghi   (288K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Esoteric Aspects Of Nara-Period Buddhism
    • Texts And Academia
    • Ritual
    • Material Culture: Statuary And Ritual Paraphernalia
    • Peripheral Groups Of Practitioners
  • Onmyōdō and Esoteric Buddhism (683-690) by Athanasios Drakakis   (126K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Origin of Onmyōdō
    • Onmyōdō and Mikkyō
    • The Interaction of Onmyōdō and Sukuyōkyō
    • Onmyōdō and the Cult of Gozu Tennō
    • Shugendō and Onmyōdō
    • The Legend of Abe no Seimei and the Recent Onmyōdō Boom
  • Kūkai and the Development of Shingon Buddhism (691-708) by Elizabeth Tinsley   (178K)
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    • Kūkai’s Early Career and Interest in Esoteric Buddhism
    • Kūkai’s Voyage to China
    • Contact With Esotericism In China
    • The Question Of Transmission
    • Kūkai’s Return to Japan and the Political Situation
    • Saichō’s Involvement with Esoterism
    • The Establishment Of A Shingon School
    • Kūkai’s Religio-political Career
  • Esoteric Buddhism, Material Culture, And Catalogues In East Asia (709-718) by Ian Astley   (126K)
    • Jump to section:
    • China: The Kaiyuan And Zhenyuan Catalogues
    • Japan: The Transition To Esoteric Buddhism
    • The Travels Of Tendai And Shingon Monks In Late-Tang China
    • Conclusion
  • The Maṇḍala as Metropolis (719-743) by Pamela D. Winfield   (2M)
    • Jump to section:
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. The Womb World And Chinese Architecture
    • 3. The Diamond World And Chinese Imperial City Planning
    • 4. The Two World Mandalas And East Asian Political Structures
    • 5. Conclusion
  • Taimitsu: The Esoteric Buddhism Of The Tendai School (744-767) by Lucia Dolce   (233K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Institutional Questions
    • The “Thirteen Taimitsu Lineages”
    • State Of The Field
    • Doctrinal Questions
    • Ritual Dimensions
  • Godai’in Annen (768-775) by Lucia Dolce and Shinya Mano   (135K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Biographical Obscurity
    • Annen’s Major Works
    • A Hermeneutics of Totality: The Kyōjigi
    • Sectarian Taxonomies and the Superiority of the Esoteric: The Bodaishingishō
    • Ritual Accomplishment: The Yugikyōsho
  • Exploring The Esoteric In Nara Buddhism (776-793) by James L. Ford   (136K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Nara Esotericism, B.K. (Before Kūkai)
    • Kūkai and the Construction of Esoteric Buddhist Discourse
    • Nara Esotericism, A.K. (After Kūkai)
    • Kuroda’s Kenmitsu Theory
    • Myōe and the Mantra of Light
    • Jōkei’s Doctrinal Reforms
    • Eison And The Esotericization Of The Precepts
    • Conclusion
  • Dharma Prince Shukaku and the Esoteric Buddhist Culture of Sacred Works (Shōgyō) in Medieval Japan (794-800) by Brian O. Ruppert   (108K)
  • Tachikawa-ryū (801-814) by Nobumi Iyanaga   (147K)
    • Jump to section:
    • 1. The Real Tachikawa-ryū
    • 2. “That Teaching” as Described in the Juhō-yōjin shū
    • 3. The “Non-Real Tachikawa-ryū”
  • Looking Back And Leaping Forward: Constructing Lineage In The Shingi-Shingon Tradition Of Japan (815-826) by Donald Drummond   (167K)
  • Yōsai and Esoteric Buddhism (827-834) by Shinya Mano   (150K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Yōsai’s Works
    • Yōsai’s Pivotal Esoteric Doctrine and Practice
    • Yōsai’s Esoteric Lineage
  • Shintō and Esoteric Buddhism (835-844) by Fabio Rambelli   (147K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Buddhism And “Local” Deities
    • Tantric Buddhism And Local Deities
    • Ryōbu Shintō
    • The End Of The Tantric Discourses On The Kami
  • Shingon Risshū: Esoteric Buddhism and Vinaya Orthodoxy in Japan (845-853) by Klaus Pinte   (183K)
  • The Deity Of Miwa And Tendai Esoteric Thought (854-862) by Anna Andreeva   (298K)
    • Jump to section:
    • The Great Deity Of Miwa As The Kami Of Hie
    • Saichō
    • Ennin And The Rise Of Taimitsu
    • Back To Miwa
    • Questions For Future Study
  • Kōmyō Shingon (863-875) by Mark Unno   (304K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Preface
    • Text And Ritual In The Mantra Of Light
    • Material And Spiritual Benefits
    • Body-Mind Continuum
    • Mantra As Petitionary Prayer
    • The Mantra Of Light As Devotion And As Yoga
  • Collapsing The Distinction Between Buddha And Believer: Human Hair In Japanese Esotericizing Embroideries (876-892) by Elizabeth Ten Grotenhuis   (3M)
  • Goddess Genealogy: Nyoirin Kannon In The Ono Shingon Tradition (893-903) by Sarah Fremerman Aptilon   (179K)
  • Landmarks Of Esoteric Art In Japan (904-923) by Karen J. Mack   (2M)
    • Jump to section:
    • Nara Period (710–794)
    • Heian Period (794–1185)
    • Kamakura Period (1185–1333) And Later
  • Zen And Esoteric Buddhism (924-935) by William M. Bodiford   (202K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Introduction
    • Esoteric Aspects Of Zen
    • Esoteric Rituals Within Zen
    • Secret Initiations In Zen
  • The Tōji Lecture Hall Statue Mandala and the Choreography of Mikkyō (936-982) by Cynthea J. Bogel   (7M)
    • Jump to section:
    • The Early History of Mikkyō Ritual Halls And The Tōji Lecture Hall
    • The Lecture Hall Altar: Interpretations And Possibilities
    • Representing The Altar: Iconography, Drawings, And Taxonomies
    • Ritual Place
  • Sanskrit Studies In Early Modern Japan (983-996) by Regan Murphy   (145K)
  • Shugendō And Its Relationship With The Japanese Esoteric Sects: A Study Of The Ritual Calendar Of An Edo Period Shugendō Shrine-Temple Complex (997-1008) by Gaynor Sekimori   (141K)
  • Shingon Buddhism In The Early Modern Period (1009-1017) by Barbara Ambros   (113K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Early Modern Shingon Innovations: Keichū and Kokugaku and Precepts Revival
  • Tōzanha Shugendō in the Early Modern Period (1018-1023) by Barbara Ambros   (89K)
  • The Fourfold Training In Japanese Esoteric Buddhism (1024-1028) by Richard K. Payne   (106K)
    • Jump to section:
    • The Impact of These Rituals: Yoshida Shintō and Omiwa Shintō
  • The Role Of Esoteric Buddhism In Contemporary Japan: Whether Esotericism Appears Or Remains Concealed In The World Depends On The Trend Of The Times (1029-1034) by Thierry Robouam   (83K)
  • The Sea Of Esotericism Is Of One Flavor But Has Deep And Shallow Aspects: “Tantra” And New Age Movements (From Agonshū To Asahara Shōkō) (1035-1039) by Thierry Robouam   (87K)
  • From Vedic India To Buddhist Japan: Continuities And Discontinuities In Esoteric Ritual (1040-1054) by Richard K. Payne   (111K)
    • Jump to section:
    • Prefatory Note
    • Issues In Theory And Method
    • Examining Continuities
    • Feeding Hungry Ghosts
    • Interiorization Of Ritual
    • Integral Ritual Technology: Mudrā, Mantra, Mind, and Mandala
    • Extraordinary Language: From Mantra And Dhāraṇī To Nenbutsuand Daimoku
    • Building Rites
    • Mandalization Of The Lived World: Altars, Dwellings, And Monasteries
    • Some Thoughts Toward A Conclusion
  • Contributors (1055-1058)   (37K)
  • Abbreviations (1059-1062)   (164K)
  • Bibliography (1063-1146)   (1M)
  • Index (1147-1200)   (400K)